Cisco UCS: Unified Computing System

The Cisco Unified Computing System (Cisco UCS) is a comprehensive compute resource system that integrates servers, networking, and I/O into a single intelligent platform.

VSAN


Cloud computing

Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of compute power, database storage, applications, and other IT resources through a cloud services platform through the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. 

Cloud Computing is a model for enabling omnipresent, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.






Cisco IOS: Configuration and troubleshooting

Cisco Internetwork Operating System is a command line method of configuring a Cisco device.  This is software that is consistent through nearly all Cisco devices.  Learn it once, and use it on any Cisco equipment, switch or router.

Have the following settings on your terminal:
Baud rate    :    9600
Data bits    :    8
Parity        :    None
Stop bits    :    1
Flow Control    :    None

Switch # ?                          for help

Switch # c?                        For all commands that start with the letter c

Switch # clock set ?
Switch # clock set  13:16:35 Sept 15 2013

Switch # configure terminal          OR        conf t

Switch >                    User mode
Switch > enable
Password:
Switch #                    Privileged mode

Switch # conf t
Switch(config) #             Global configuration mode


Initial configuration of the switch:
Flash memory    :    IOS stored
64 MB memory
NVRAM —>  configuration stored

IP address for the switch
Switch # conf t
Switch(config) # interface vlan 1
Switch(config-if) # ip address 10.149.73.71 255.255.254.0
Switch(config-if) # no shutdown
Switch(config-if) # ip default-gateway 10.149.72.1
Switch(config-if) # exit
Switch(config) # exit
Switch # copy running-config startup-config        OR        copy run star
This copies the configuration information from the running config to the startup config.

# show version

Passwords
Switch > enable
Switch # enable password <cleartext>
Switch # enable secret <encrypted text>

To remove the enable password,
Switch # no enable password

Line configuration mode
Switch # conf t
Switch(config) # line console 0
Switch(config) # password <something>
Switch(config) # login

For telnet access
Switch # conf t
Switch(config) #  line vty 0 4
Switch(config-line) # no login

To convert clear text passwords to encrypted format
Switch # service password-encryption                                             Level 7 encryption, this is not very secure
Better to go for MD5 authentication

Message of the day
Switch # banner motd <whatever message>

Setting up SSH on a Cisco switch
Switch # username admin password octagon123
Switch # ip domain-name www.company.com
Switch # crypto key generate rsa     <Return key)
               How many bits in the modulus [512]:   1024
Switch # ip ssh version 2
Switch # line vty 0 4
Switch(config-line) # transport input ssh

Configuring port security
Switch # show ip int brief
Switch # terminal monitor
Switch # conf t
Switch(config) # int GigabitEthernet 1/27
Switch(config-if) # switchport mode access
Switch(config-if) # switchport port-security maximum 1
Switch(config-if) # switchport port-security violation     shutdown | restrict | protect
Switch(config-if) # switchport port-security mac-address 0014.314a.bcef
Switch(config-if) # switchport port-security mac-address sticky                     <—— calculated risk
Switch(config-if) # exit
Switch(config) # exit
Switch # copy run star
Switch # show port-security int GigabitEthernet 1/27                         <——————  Useful for say Lobby ports
              Observe Security Violation Count :  0 or 1 or 2 


Some useful configuration and troubleshooting commands


show processes cpu
show processes cpu | include Check heaps
traceroute mac source_MAC_address destination_MAC_address
show ip cef
show ip cef 192.168.1.11
show adjacency
show adjacency detail
show ip arp
show controllers cpu-interface
show ip cache flow
show ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 longer-prefixes
show ip route profile
show tcp statistics
show ip inspect session
show ip inspect session detail
show ip inspect all
show ip nat translations
show ip nat statistics
show class-map
show policy-map
show ipv6 route
show mac address-table
show mac address-table security
show mac-address-table dynamic
show mac address-table dynamic vlan <VLAN-ID>
show mac address-table interface <Interface>
show interfaces trunk
show interfaces switchport
show vlan
show vlan brief
show vlan id <VLAN-ID>
show vtp
show vlan-membership
show vlan all-ports
show vlan access-log config
show vlan access-log statistics
show vlan access-log flow





















RHEV: Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization --- System Administration

yum install rhevm-cli

rhevm-shell

[RHEVM shell (connected)] # show vm --name
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # shell ls -altr
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # list vms --show-all
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # show vm --name desktop_vms
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # help show
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # list datacenters
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # list clusters
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # list networks --show-all
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # add host --name Host12345 --address host12345.company.com --root_password <password>
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # action host Host12345 activate
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # add storagedomain --name DataStorage --host-name Host12345 --type data --storage-type nfs --format v1 --storage-address '<IP-address>' --storage-path /exports/data --datacenter-identifier Default
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # action storagedomain DataStorage
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # add vm --name VM12345 --cluster-name Default --template-name Blank --memory 33554432 --os-boot-dev hd
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # add nic --vm-identifier VM12345 --name nic1 --network-name rhevm --bootable true
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # add disk --vm-identifier VM12345 --provisioned_size 8589934592 --interface virtio --format cow
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # console VM12345
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # list vms
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # list vms --show-all
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # list vms --query "status=up"
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # list vms --query "name=VM12345"
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # show vm fdcab281-9c42-4a0e-bcd4-92cdef76ab3c
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # show vm VM12345
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # status
[RHEVM shell (connected)] # summary

cat /var/log/vdsm/mom.log   for the Memory Overcommit Manager log.

vi /etc/sysconfig/network    and 
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-rhevm    for configuring the network interface.
service network restart                       for RHEL 6
ifconfig rhevm                                    for RHEL 6

systemctl restart network.service       for RHEL 7
ip addr show rhevm                            for RHEL 7

hostnamectl set-hostname <FQDN>

/etc/ovirt-engine/ovirt-fence-kdump-listener.conf.d    :   Location for creating a new listener file
service ovirt-fence-kdump-listener restart
service ovirt-engine restart

Configuring NFS
---------------------
yum install nfs-utils
chkconfig --add rpcbind
chkconfig --add nfs
chkconfig rpcbind on
chkconfig nfs on
service rpcbind start
service nfs start
mkdir -p /exports/<data>
mkdir -p /exports/<export>
exportfs -r
service nfs reload
groupadd kvm -g 36
useradd vdsm -u 36 -g 36
chown -R 36:36 /exports/<data>
chown -R 36:36 /exports/<export>
chown 0755 /exports/<data>
chown 0755 /exports/<export>

Remote Viewer on Linux
-------------------------------
yum install spice-xpi
rpm -q virt-viewer
yum install virt-viewer
Restart your browser.

General commands
-----------------------
ksmctl                 -->   Kernel Same Page Merging
ksmctl info
ksmctl start <n pages>
ksmctl stop

ntpdate <server>
hwclock -w
hwclock --systohc

service ovirt-engine status
service ovirt-engine restart

rhevm-config

guestfish

virt-v2v

virt-sysprep --list-operations

rhevm-manage-domains -action=list

rhevm-log-collector list
rhevm-log-collector collect

rhevm-setup

rhevm-upgrade

rhevm-reports-setup

rhevm-shell -h

service NetworkManager start/stop/status
chkconfig NetworkManager on/off
service network restart
chkconfig network on

vdsClient list
vdsClient getAllVmStats
vdsClient getVdsStats
vdsClient getVdsCapabilities
vdsClient activateStorageDomain
vdsClient changeCD
vdsClient desktopLogoff
vdsClient getAllTasksInfo
vdsClient clearTask
vdsClient getIsoList
vdsClient getStorageDomainInfo

ip addr show
yum repolist
rhevm-dwh-setup

ip addr show dev rhevm

cat /etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid





VMware Protections Groups

XTremIO

show-clusters

show-daes cluster-id=3

show-clusters-performance cluster-id=3

show-storage-controllers-infiniband-ports cluster-id=3

show-infiniband-switches-ports cluster-id=3

show-daes-controllers cluster-id=3

show-daes-psus cluster-id=3

show-daes cluster-id=3

show-volumes cluster-id=3

show-initiator-groups cluster-id=3

show-volume vol-id=”<Volume Name>” cluster-id=3

show-ssds cluster-id=3

show-ssds-performance cluster-id=3

show-ssds-diagnostics cluster-id=3   (Only for “tech” login)

show-leds

show-initiators

show-targets-performance

SRM: Site Recovery Manager

Cisco ACI: Application Centric Infrastructure

VDI: VMware Virtual Desktop Infrastructure

VMware vCenter Server Appliance

VMware vCloud Director

vRO: VMware vRealize Orchestrator

vROps: VMware vRealize Operations

vRA: VMware vRealize Automation

VMware Horizon View

VNX

naviseccli  -User sysadmin -Password '<password>' -Scope 0 -h <arrayname> getdisk


vSphere

vCenter

Ansible: a Configuration Management tool

apache.yml

---

- hosts: web
  tasks:
  - name: deploy apache
    yum: pkg-httpd state=latest
  - name: apache config file
    copy: src='files/httpd.conf' dest='/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf'
    notify:
    - restart httpd
  - name: apache service runs
    service: name-httpd state=started
  handlers:
    - name: restart httpd
      service: name=httpd state=restarted


Adding NTP deployment tasks to /etc/ansible/roles/web/tasks.main.yml

---

  - include_vars: "{{ ansible_os_family }}.yml"
  - name: Deploy Apache for Red Hat systems
    yum: pkg-httpd state=latest
    when: ansible_os_family' == 'RedHat'
  - name: Deploy Apache for Debian systems
    apt: pkg=apache2 state=latest
    when: ansible_os_family == 'Debian'
  - name: Apache Config File
    copy: src={{ conffile }} dest={{ confpath }}
    notify:
    - config file update
  - name: Apache Service Runs
    service: name={{ webserver }} state=started
  - name: Deploy NTP on Ubuntu servers
    apt: pkg=ntp state=latest
    when: ansible_os_family == 'Debian'
  - name: Deploy NTP for Red Hat systems
    yum: pkg=ntp state=latest
    when: ansible_os_family == 'RedHat'
  - name: NTP Service Runs
    service: name={{ ntpserver }} state=started










VMware Storage: Thick and Thin Provisioning

Isilon

isi_for_array –s isi_hw_status –i

isi_for_array "isi devices"

isi_for_array -s isi devices | grep -vi healthy

isi_for_array -n 15 isi devices

isi events

isi services -la

isi status

isi statistics pstat

isi statistics drive

isi statistics client  --orderby=Ops  --top

isi statistics system --nodes --top

isi statistics client --orderby=Ops --top --long

isi statistics heat --top

isi perfstat

isi job status –v

isi job list

isi_hw_status

isi_hw_status | grep SerNo

For CPU performance:
isi statistics system --top --nodes --interval=5

isi_for_array -s isi_hw_status | grep -i 'power sup'

isi networks

For checking latency:
sysctl -aN hw.iosched | grep bios.inqueue | xargs sysctl -D

isi get -a /ifs/data

isi devices

isi devices

isi license

isi job events list --job-type dedupe

isi dedupe settings view

isi dedupe reports list

isi dedupe stats

isi auth ldap list

isi services

isi smb log-level

gmirror status

isi quota quotas list

isi quota quotas list --path=<path>  -v

isi quota quotas view <path> directory

isi batterystatus

isi firmware status

isi nfs exports list

isi nfs exports view <number>

isi networks list interfaces

isi networks list pools

isi networks list rules

isi networks list subnets

netstat -an

atacontrol list

isi_cache_stats -v

isi get /ifs

isi_radish -a